Unit Testing:
Test Frameworks:
Utilizing test frameworks such as JUnit (for Java), NUnit (for .NET), pytest (for Python), and Jasmine (for JavaScript) to write and execute unit tests, ensuring the functionality of individual units of code.
Test Coverage:
Measuring code coverage, developers use tools like JaCoCo (for Java), coverage.py (for Python), and Istanbul (for JavaScript) to assess the percentage of code exercised by unit tests, identifying areas of code that require additional testing.
Test Doubles:
Mocking dependencies, developers use test doubles such as mocks, stubs, and fakes to isolate units under test from external dependencies (e.g., databases, web services), enabling focused and predictable unit testing.
Parameterized Tests:
Writing parameterized tests, developers use frameworks like JUnit and pytest to define test cases with different input values, reducing duplication and enabling efficient testing of multiple scenarios.
Assertions:
Validating expectations, developers use assertion libraries (e.g., AssertJ, NUnit Assert, chai) to verify expected outcomes and behaviors of unit tests, ensuring the correctness of code under test.
Setup and Teardown:
Managing test fixtures, developers use setup and teardown methods (e.g., @Before and @After in JUnit) to prepare test environments and clean up resources before and after each test execution, ensuring test independence and repeatability.
Test-driven Development (TDD):
Following TDD practices, developers write failing unit tests before implementing code changes, iteratively refining code to pass tests and achieve desired functionality, promoting code quality and design.
Continuous Integration:
Integrating unit tests into CI pipelines, developers configure CI servers like Jenkins, Travis CI, or CircleCI to automatically run unit tests on code commits, providing rapid feedback on code changes and ensuring early detection of regressions.
Mocking Frameworks:
Using mocking frameworks like Mockito (for Java), Moq (for .NET), and Sinon.js (for JavaScript) to create mock objects and define their behavior, enabling flexible and controlled interaction with dependencies during unit testing.
Test Suites:
Organizing tests into suites, developers group related unit tests into test suites or test classes, facilitating test organization, execution, and reporting, and improving maintainability and readability of test code.
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